Jewelry Glossary

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Glossary

.925 Sterling Silver: .925 describes the purity of the silver. .925 is composed of 92.5% silver and 7.5% of a second metal, generally copper, created to strengthen pure silver.
10k: Gold is a very soft metal and needs to be mixed with other metals in order to be strong enough for jewelry. 10k gold is 41.7% gold and 58.3% other metals.
12k: Gold is a very soft metal and needs to be mixed with other metals in order to be strong enough for jewelry. 12k gold is 50% gold and 50% other metals.
14k: Gold is a very soft metal and needs to be mixed with other metals in order to be strong enough for jewelry. 14k is 58.3% gold and 41.7% other metals.
18k: Gold is a very soft metal and needs to be mixed with other metals in order to be strong enough for jewelry. 18k is 75% gold and 25% other metals.
24k: Gold is a very soft metal and needs to be mixed with other metals in order to be strong enough for jewelry. 24k is pure gold.

AGS: The American Gem Society (AGS) is one of the world's premier diamond grading laboratories. A trade association composed of retail jewelers, independent appraisers, and other members of the jewelry industry, AGS is credited with developing the first scientific system to evaluate diamond cut. AGS Laboratories is one of the leading suppliers of diamond certifications because they include an evaluation of diamond Cut, which is currently not included by other major gemological laboratory. AGS grades and certifies Reeds' Ideal Cut diamonds.
Abalone Shell: A colorful mollusk shell that has a mother-of-pearl lining. Abalone shell can come in a wide variety of colors, including combinations of green, purple, black, white, brown and pink.
Acetate: Acetate watches are made from a type of bio-friendly plastic-like material called Acetate. Acetate is made from polymers found in nature (wood, cotton, etc.). Acetate is a lightweight and versatile material that can be shaped, polished, and colored with a high quality finish, similar to ceramic in appearance.
Acetate: Acetate is a type of bio-friendly plastic-like material made from polymers found in nature (wood, cotton, etc.). Acetate is a lightweight and versatile material that can be shaped, polished, and colored with a high quality finish, similar to ceramic in appearance.
Adjustable: A style of ring that is flexible so that the size may be changed.
Agate: A type of chalcedony quartz with a hard outer shell and a banded colorful center. Agate is generally handled in Germany, but can be found in South America and the western U.S. The stone has a medium 6.5 to 7 rating on the Mohs Scale, so it must be handled carefully to avoid scratches or chips. The agate is said to provide protection, encourage strength, and bring harmony to your life.
Akoya Cultured: A cultured pearl grown in the saltwater Akoya oyster and farmed in Japan and sometimes China. Akoya pearls are known for their luster, white or cream hue (often with rose, silver, or cream overtones), large size, smoothness, and round shape. Because of their fine quality, Akoya pearls are often used in premier pearl jewelry.
Alarm: An audible alert that may be set to go off at a specific time.
Alexandrite: A very rare and pricey gemstone that has the ability to change color. Depending on various lighting conditions, the gem can appear red or purple indoors while it seems to be green outside. Alexandrite is a form of chrysoberyl and has a hardness of 8 on the Mohs Hardness Sale, making it extremely durable in jewelry. Alexandrite is one of June's alternative birthstones.
Alloy: A blending of two or more metals. Alloys are frequently used in jewelry to enhance a metal quality, such as improving strength, changing color, or reducing cost. For example, 24 karat gold or pure gold, is often too soft for diamond jewelry. Mixing gold with other metals such as copper or nickel can improve durability for daily wear.
Alternative Metal: Metals (other than gold, silver, and platinum) that have excellent durability and coloring for wedding bands. For example, tungsten carbide, cobalt, etc.
Altimeter: A device that measures altitude by responding to changes in barometric pressure. This function is useful for hikers, pilots, and sailors.
Amazonite: A light to blueish-green variety of feldspar that is named for the Amazon River (even though it isn't found there). It can be found around the world, but Amazonite is mostly located near Pike's Peak in Colorado. With a soft rating of 5 to 6 on the Mohs Scale, it should be handled with care. The gemstone is said to provide confidence and a sense of hope to the beholder.
Amethyst: A quartz gemstone that ranges in color from clear purple to bluish violet. Amethyst is February's birthstone and is said to bring the wearer luck, constancy and protect against magic. Amethyst rates 7 on the Mohs hardness scale making it an excellent gemstone for everyday wear.
Ametrine: A variety of quartz where yellow or orange citrine and purple amethyst occur together the same crystal. Ametrine is mainly mined in Brazil although Russia is known for making synthetic versions. The gem is fairly durable and has a hardiness of 7 on the Mohs Scale. Legend says Ametrine can enhance mental and physical wellness, as well as intuition and creativity.
Analog: An analog watch is the traditional type of watch with hour and minute hands and numbers or markers that show the twelve hour day. It is considered to be a formal watch and is perfect for work wear, dates and any kind of formal occasion.
Analog-Digital: A watch that displays both time in numerals as well as with minute and second hands.
Anklet: A type of jewelry worn around the ankle.
Anniversary: A ring including three or more diamonds, or other gemstones, placed either in a channel or a prong setting. The anniversary band is a traditional gift to celebrate milestones in marriage. Three stone anniversary bands symbolize past, present, and future. Anniversary bands may also have stones that partially or completely encircle the ring.
Anniversary: A ring including three or more diamonds, or other gemstones, placed either in a channel or a prong setting. The anniversary band is a traditional gift to celebrate milestones in marriage. Three stone anniversary bands symbolize past, present, and future.
Appraisal: A written, detailed evaluation an item's value by a professional appraiser. In jewelry, an appraisal is often used to assess replacement value for insurance purposes. As "Fair Market Value" fluctuates, appraisals are recommended to be kept up to date.
Aquamarine: A bluish, semi- precious gemstone from the beryl family. The name translates to "water of the sea" because of its color, which can actually range from very pale blue to a blue-green teal. The most prized color is a deep blue aqua. With a 7 to 8 rating on the Mohs Hardness Scale, the gem is very hardy. As March's birthstone, the aquamarine is said to bring courage and happiness to the wearer, reduce anxiety, and acts as a talisman to protect sailors.
Argentium Silver: A variation of sterling silver that is composed of 92.5% silver and the remaining 7.5% is an alloy of copper mixed with germanium. Argentium silver has a higher resistance to tarnishing because of this.
Asscher: Named after Dutch diamond artisan Joseph Asscher, this cut stimulates internal refraction and creates a shimmering "hall of mirrors" effect. Exclusively patented by the Asscher family, genuine stones are marked with unique, microscopic identification numbers along with the family insignia on the stone's girdle.
Asterism: An optical phenomenon displayed by certain gemstones (including rubies and sapphires) that reflects a star-like shape on the surface of a cabochon cut stone. The stars may have four, six, or twelve rays.
Asymmetrical: A watch case that isn't symmetrical. For example, one side of the case might have more material or design than the other.
Automatic: A type of watch movement where the winding is powered by the motion of the wearers wrist.
Aventurine: Although it's most popular color is the green variety, Aventurine comes in several colors including brown, orange, and yellow. Aventurine is a form of quartz that is said to encourage enthusiasm and optimism.

Baguette: A type of gemstone shape consisting of a single, rectangular gemstone. Traditionally with 14 facets, the baguette cut tends to have a higher luster than other cuts.
Bangle: Type of watch that has a bangle style bracelet instead of traditional links or straps. This provides a dressier style of watch.
Bangle: A type of stiff charm bracelet unique to PANDORA that encircles the wrist. Generally feature a signature round barrel PANDORA clasp closure.
Bangle & Cuff: A type of stiff bracelet that encircles the wrist, generally without a clasp opening.
Bangle & Cuff: A type of stiff bracelet that encircles the wrist, generally without a clasp opening.
Bar Setting: A type of ring setting where gemstones held into place and separated by a shared bar.
Baroque: An asymmetrical or unevenly shaped pearl.
Barrel: A gemstone or material that has been polished and shaped to resemble a barrel.
Barrel Clasp: A type of jewelry fastener that resembles two halves of a barrel. The two ends screw in together to close the bracelet.
Bead: A gemstone or charm with a hole drilled through the middle so that it can be slid onto a bracelet.
Bead Chain: A type of chain where round beads are connected into a strand. Different size and shape beads may be added to increase uniqueness. This style of chain maybe be single or multi-strand.
Beryl: Beryl is type of mineral with many varieties that are distinguished by their color. With a rating of 7-8 on the Mohs scale, beryl is perfect for use in jewelry. Popular types of beryl include emerald and aquamarine.
Bezel Setting: A type of setting where a gemstone is set within a protective, encircling metal band. This style of setting is often used to prevent the gemstone from becoming damaged.
Bib: A statement piece style of necklace that drapes over the chest. Bib necklaces generally feature gemstones or metals and is named after the resemblance to baby bibs.
Bike Link Chain: A type of chain style resembling a bicycle chain where square shaped metal links are connected with a bar.
Biolemon: A type of quartz with a smoky, lemon to brown color generally used in accent beads. Also referred to as Bio Lemon.
Black PVD: Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) with a black tone. Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) is steel with a layer of oxides, carbides or nitrides, deposited by ionic attraction in a vacuum. PVD watches have increased durability and reduced friction on metal components.
Box Chain: A chain with square links that look like connected boxes.
Box Clasp: A style of jewelry fastener where one end is composed of a "V" shaped tab and the other end resembles a box. The "V" tab end is inserted into the Box end then clicks into a locked position. Pressing the sides of the tab releases the connection.
Bracelet: A style of bracelet that has links or materials resembling links.
Bracelet Gift Sets: Generally composed of a single bracelet with one or more charms or clips, bracelet gift sets can also include free charms or gift boxes.
Brass: Yellow or amber colored metal alloy consisting of copper and zinc.
Bridal Sets: Bridal sets include both the engagement ring and wedding band(s).
Brilliant Cut: A gemstone cutting style that maximizes brilliance by improving the optical effect, especially for diamonds. The cutting style was developed in 1910 and requires that a stone be cut with a round girdle, 32 facets plus the table on the crown or upper part of the diamond, and 24 facets plus, sometimes a culet (point) on the pavilion or lower part of the stone. The final shape resembles a cone and magnifies the light reflected from the top of the diamond. The term "Brilliant" refers only to diamonds while other stones are labeled "Brilliant Cut" followed by the name of the gemstone, i.e. Brilliant Cut Citrine.
Briolette: A type of gemstone cut where a slender, a tear drop shaped stone is covered with facets.
Bullet: A style of gemstone that is polished and cut to resemble a bullet.
Button: When a symmetrically formed pearl or gemstone is flattened on the bottom and rounded on the top, resembling a halved circle. Button shaped pearls are frequently used in earrings as the flat side more easily attaches to a setting.
Bypass Shank: A style of ring mounting where the two sides of the band do not meet in a straight line, but overlap or crisscross each other.

Cable Chain: A type of chain with oval(or circle) metal links alternate with matching links. The appearance of the chain resembles anchor chains used in shipping.
Cabochon: A gemstone or material that is made to be a certain shape and is polished, rather than being cut with multiple surfaces. A cabochon is most commonly oval with a convex top and a flat bottom which allows the gem to be easily set.
Calendar/Date: This function displays the date or day of the week, depending on your watch model.
Calf: Named after the shape of a cow's head, they are symmetrical from side to side, but not top to bottom. Calf cut gemstones come in a variety of proportions, with different numbers of sides.
Calibrated: A gemstone that is cut to a common size in order to fit the majority of jewelry mountings.
Cameo: An engraving method on a soft type of gemstone to create a raised effect. This type of carving is popular with onyx and agate.
Carat Weight: The actual weight of a single gemstone. The weight of a one carat diamond equates to 200 mg or 0.2 grams. Carat weight is often expressed as a decimal or as points. A one carat diamond is the same as 1ct. or 100 points; a 1/2 carat diamond could also be called .5ct. or a 50 point diamond. To make things complicated, gemstones have different densities. Meaning, a one carat diamond and a one carat amethyst are not exactly the same size. See our Education section regarding the "4 C's" for detailed information regarding Carat Weight.
Carbon Fiber: Carbon fiber watches have an extremely strong and light fiber-reinforced plastic which contains carbon fibers. Carbon fiber is created by thermally decomposing carbon into braided fibers and surrounding it by resin. It is sometimes used in combination with polymer for improved strength. Carbon fiber watches are tough, lightweight, and very contemporary in style.
Carnelian: A type of red, orange, or brown quartz that is sometimes variegated or striated and has a rating of 6 to 7 on the Mohs Scale. Carnelian has often been used to carve cameos and is an alternate birthstone for July.
Carre: French for "square", a carre watch case is square in shape. Carre cases may have rounded or blunt edges.
Casual: A style of watch that is more appropriate for everyday wear than special or sporty occasions.
Cat's-Eye: A polished gemstone that displays Chatoyancy, a glowing, band of light down the center of a gemstone, resembling a cat's eye.
Cathedral: A ring setting that mimics the arches of a cathedral to support and display the center stone. This is a very popular style of setting for solitaire engagement rings.
Center: The weight of the middle or primary stone in a ring or piece of jewelry that contains one or more stones.
Ceramic: Ceramic watches are durable, lightweight, and modern. Because ceramic must be fired at high temperatures and polished, ceramic watches are also highly scratch-resistant. In addition, they're hypoallergenic, making them a good choice for people allergic to metals or with sensitive skin.
Ceramic: Often referenced as a type of metal used in jewelry, ceramic is actually a non-metal that is often alloyed with other metals, such as tungsten carbide, in jewelry to improve qualities such as malleability. Ceramic is generally composed of heated and molded clay that is easily colored, etched, or embellished by artisans. Because ceramic must be fired at high temperatures and polished, ceramic jewelry is also highly scratch-resistant. In addition, they're hypoallergenic, making them a good choice for people allergic to metals or with sensitive skin.
Certified: The term “certified diamond” refers to a diamond that has been inspected by a trusted gemological laboratory and has been issued a lab report, commonly referred to as a “certificate”.
Chain: A necklace comprised of a series of metallic links. The links can be identical or alternate in size.
Chain: A bracelet style that is made up of links to resemble a chain.
Chain & Link: These types of necklaces consist of interlocking circles or ovals resembling a chain.
Chain & Link: These type of bracelets consists of interlocking circles or ovals resembling a chain.
Chain Style: There are several, general styles of chains with each style being defined by a set of common features.
Chalcedony: A subgroup of quartz composed of silica with minute crystals of quartz and moganite that is translucent or milky in appearance. Found worldwide and in a huge range of color, specific varieties of chalcedony gemstones are identified and named according to their color. The term "chalcedony" when it is applied to a specific gem, implies the light blue variety. Chalcedony is said to improve vitality and health, promote generosity, and alleviate sadness or bad dreams.
Chandelier: A type of earring that resembles a chandelier. Chandelier earrings are generally oversized with multiple, dangling layers that progressively expand as the earring drops.
Chandelier: A type of earring that resembles a chandelier. Chandelier earrings are generally oversized with multiple, dangling layers that progressively expand as the earring drops.
Channel Setting: A type of setting where rows of gemstones are held in place by two pieces of metal on either side, producing an interior "channel" where the stones are secure, but not touched by metal.
Charm: Charms are molded or engraved figures that are meant to represent special events, hobbies, or passions that are significant to the wearer. The can be made out of several materials including metal, plastic, gold or glass.
Charm Gift Sets: Three charms of a similar theme or meaning grouped together.
Chatoyancy: A single streak of light, generally seen in a cabochon that resembles the slit in a cat's eye. This effect, most common to chrysoberyl, is caused by the reflection of light by parallel fibers or channels in the stone.
Checkerboard: A style of faceting the table and crown of gemstones to resemble a checkerboard.
Chevron Style: A "V" or inverted "V" shaped pattern seen primarily in rings and necklaces.
Chinese Fresh Water: These pearls are fresh water cultured pearls from mussels in China.
Chokers & Collars: A snug-fitting necklace, usually 16" in length or shorter, depending on neck size.
Chronograph: A watch feature that measures an exact duration of time by pushing a button; a stopwatch. This feature is an independent function. Most chronograph watches have two or three subdials.
Chrysoprase: A gemstone variety of chalcedony that contains small quantities of Nickel. It has an unusual green color that is normally apple-green but ranges to a deep green. Some people refer to Chrysoprase the stone of reincarnation because it helps people understand the meaning of life and death, and how to say and receive a farewell.
Circle: A type of chain necklace that has a pendant in the shape of a circle.
Citrine: A variety of quartz ranging in color from light yellow to bright orange. Citrine is a semi-precious gemstone rating a sturdy 7 on the Mohs Hardiness Scale. One of November's birthstones, it is purported to bring the wearer self confidence and light-heartedness.
Clarity: An industry term describing the number and density of inclusions and blemishes within a diamond or gemstone. See our Education section regarding the 4 C's for detailed information.
Clasp Style: Bracelets and necklaces are fastened on the arm or neck by various types of connectors or clasps.
Classic: Generally in gold, silver, or platinum, these bands are more simple in design and are generally plain bands. Some bands feature diamonds as well.
Classic: The classic style PANDORA clasp bracelet features an innovative threading system, which makes it easy to screw PANDORA charms onto your bracelet and keep them secure. These bracelets feature a round barrel PANDORA clasp closure.
Cleavage: The tendency for a mineral to split along a plane or smooth surface.
Clip: A type of earring that is secured by clipping it onto the earlobe, instead of requiring a piercing.
Clip Station: This style of PANDORA bracelet is made to hold one clip in the center station and opens and closes with a PANDORA barrel clasp.
Clips: Clips are charms that open up and lock onto the threads in the middle section of PANDORA bracelets. They prevent other charms from sliding all the way around the bracelet.
Cloth: Watch strap made out of fabric instead of metal or other material. These bands can be more comfortable than other styles of bands and come in a variety of colors. Cloth watch straps can be dirtied easier, however, and should be taken care of to prevent discoloration.
Cluster: A grouping of tightly placed gemstones.
Cobalt: A silvery white metal that is very strong and malleable. Cobalt is an excellent choice for men's wedding bands, as it is less likely to scratch and is very durable.
Cocktail Ring: A dramatic, over-sized ring also known as a dinner ring that is generally set with a combination of small diamonds or other gemstones positioned at varying heights. Cocktail rings may be either costume or fine jewelry and are often worn on either the index or middle finger.
Color: An industry measurement of color or tinting within a diamond or gemstone. See our Education section regarding the "4 C's" for detailed information.
Color-Enhanced: A treatment process that alters a gemstone's color. Heat, irradiation, dying, bleaching and oiling are among possible treatments that enhance gemstone color.
Colorless: The GIA grading system classifies diamonds according to their color. D-F represents colorless diamonds and the value of the diamond increases in correspondence with the decrease in color.
Comfort Fit: Where the inside (or shank) of a ring is slightly rounded to create a more comfortable fit on the finger.
Compass: A watch function that allows you to determine your location and the direction north by a magnetic needle.
Cone: A gemstone or material shape that has a flat circular base and then narrows down to a point.
Contemporary: These bands can feature more than one metal or color and have more designs than classic bands.
Coral: Found in tropical oceans, coral is made from calcium carbonate. Although many coral reefs are now protected, fossilized coral may be used in jewelry. Coral may also refer to a orange-pink color.
Cords: PANDORA cord bracelets are composed of fabric and have multiple strands. Some come with a PANDORA barrel clasp, while others can be knotted as a way of closure.
Corundum: With a Mohs scale rating of 9, Corundum is the second hardest mineral, second to diamond. Ruby and Sapphire are the most popular gem varieties of Corundum.
Created: Created gemstones are the manmade (made in a lab) version of a naturally occurring stone. Created stones generally have the same chemical make up, structure, and characteristics as a natural gemstone.
Crown: The part of a cut gemstone lying between the girdle and the table facet. This equates to the area above the maximum diameter (the girdle) of the stone and below the flat surface area at the very top (table facet).
Crystal: Crystals are the transparent form of crystallized quartz. They can come in many different colors and sizes. Very durable in jewelry, crystal can also be used to make figurines and stemware.
Cubic Zirconia: A man-made jewel that closely resembles a diamond. Cubic Zirconia is formed in the lab from zirconium dioxide and is hard, flawless, generally colorless, and inexpensive alternatives to diamonds.
Culet: A small facet at the bottom of some cut gemstones.
Curb Chain: A style of chain where matching oval, metal links are connected, twisted, and flattened Curb chain jewelry is popular with both men and women because it is strong, flexible, and generally easy to repair.
Curved: Curved bands generally feature diamonds and are meant to fit snuggly against the engagement ring, without leaving a gap.
Cushion: A gemstone shaped as a square or short rectangle with rounded edges.
Cut: The act of cutting and/or the resultant quality produced by cutting a rough stone in a specific manner in order to create and enhance the natural beauty of a jewelry quality gemstone. Type of cut, shape proportions, symmetry, and outer marks all affect the quality of the finished gemstone. See the Cut page under our 4 C's section for a more detailed explanation. The term "cut" also refers to the fashioning of a gem. There are numerous types of cuts.

Dangles: A type of charm that hangs down from the bracelet.
Delicate: A style of ring that can be more dainty and thinner than other types of rings.
Delicate: A style of necklace that is more dainty and can be thinner than other styles of necklaces.
Delicate: Earring style that has a more dainty, feminine silhouette.
Delicate: A style of bracelet that is more dainty and can be thinner than other types of bracelets.
Depth Measurement: The depth measurement is measured by water depth hand and indicates the current water depth. There may also be a maximum water depth hand which indicates the maximum depth during a measurement session.
Diamond: A wedding band that features diamonds. The band can have diamonds going down half way or all around the band.
Diamond: This popular and sought-after gemstone is composed of carbon. Diamonds can be found in a variety of colors, from colorless to yellow, brown, and even black. Diamonds are the hardest natural substance on earth and rate a 10 on the Mohs Hardness Scale. Diamond is also known as April's birthstone.
Diamond Accent: A type of engagement that features a diamond. This style of ring could feature the diamond as the center stone or have diamonds on the band as well.
Diamond Grading: A process where industry experts rate or grades diamonds based on the Four C's: cut, clarity, color and carat weight.
Digital: Digital watches have a LCD or LED face that displays the time in numerals and are generally more casual or sporty compared to the formal analog watches. Digital watches run using a special watch battery.
Dispersion: The separation of white light into the various colors that make up the light spectrum. Optimal cutting of gemstones produces this property, allowing white light to be converted into the colors of the rainbow. The effect is seen as multi-colored flashes through a diamond's table or as internal fire in well cut gemstones.
Divers: A type of watch that is designed specifically for those who will wear it when diving. Diver watches must have a minimum ATM (atmosphere) of 10.
Dog Tag: Nickname for the identification tags worn by those in the military because of their resemblance to the tags on dog collars. Usually placed on a ball chain, they can be worn for fashion or for utility. Many dog tags are used to display medical information.
Doublet: A method of improving gemstone durability or enhancing the visual impact by sandwiching a more valuable gemstone with either colored glass or a stone of lesser value. A thin layer of the valuable gemstone is adhered to the top and sometimes the bottom while the glass or lesser stone provides the necessary bulk beneath.
Doublet: A method of improving gemstone durability or enhancing the visual impact by sandwiching a more valuable gemstone with either colored glass or a stone of lesser value. A thin layer of the valuable gemstone is adhered to the top and sometimes the bottom while the glass or lesser stone provides the necessary bulk beneath.
Dress: Watch style that is more appropriate for special occasions or business wear.
Drop: A style of necklace where the pendant drops down further from the chain.
Drop: A style of earring that hangs down from the ear.
Drop: A style of earring that hangs down from the ear.
Duotone: A charm that features two different color metal types, for example, sterling silver and yellow gold.
Duotone: A bracelet that features two different color metal types, for example, sterling silver and yellow gold.

ESSENCE: Slightly smaller and daintier than regular charms, PANDORA ESSENCE charms are designed for use with the ESSENCE Collection charms only.
ESSENCE: The PANDORA ESSENCE bracelets feature a slender design with a signature rounded-barrel PANDORA clasp closure. These bracelets are designed for use with the ESSENCE Collection charms only.
Earring Back Design: The type of attachment used to connect the front part of an earring with the back.
Earring Charms: Charms made specifically to be placed onto earrings. Earring charms are easily slid onto to hoops or posts for your own personal earring style.
Earring Design: Popular design patterns utilized by earring manufacturers.
Earring Posts: Earring posts and hoops are the base of creating your own look. Easily express your personal style by sliding earring charms onto the earring posts.
Eight-Cut: A type of Gemstone Cut that has eight upper facets and eight lower facets along with a table, totaling 17 facets. This type of cut is utilized when diamonds are too small for full cuts.
Emerald: Probably the most expensive gemstone, this member of the beryl family can be valued higher than diamonds. Ranging in color from pure green to blue-green, the more vivid the tone, hue, and color consistency, the better the stone. Emeralds are the rare exception to the rule that inclusions are bad. In fact, gemologists use these flaws as evidence of the gem's authenticity. The gem's center should be as flawless as possible, however. Many stones are treated to mask the natural imperfections. Emeralds rate a solid 7.5 to 8 on the Mohs Scale, making them an excellent choice for jewelry. As May's birthstone, the emerald is said to offer the wearer protection from evil spirits, provide the gift of eloquence, and arouse both the intellect and the heart.
Emerald: A type of Gemstone Cut with a square, rectangular or octagonal shape and step cut facets that create a sort of mirror effect. This type of cut is often used with high quality emeralds and long diamonds because the cut may amplify the appearance of scratches or inclusions in poorer quality stones.
Enamel: PANDORA uses Italian enamel made without glass, which makes it more durable.
Engagement: An engagement ring is a type ring indicating that the person wearing it is engaged to be married. In Western countries, engagement rings are worn mostly by women. Engagement rings can feature diamonds or other gemstones. Women and men can wear matching rings in other cultures to show that they will soon be wed.
Engraved: A wedding band that features a design that has been cut or carved down the band or on the side of the band.
Engraving: The art of cutting decorative lines in metal, wood, or other materials.
Espiga Chain: Espiga chains are also known as Spiga or Wheat Chain. Espiga is the Spanish word for wheat. Espiga chains are formed by the braiding of four metal strands into a wheat pattern.
Eternity: A form of anniversary ring where a continuous row of gemstones, usually diamonds, encircle the entire band.
Expandable Bangle: This type of bangle can be adjusted or stretched to the wearers wrist size.
Expandable Bangle: This type of bangle can be adjusted or stretched to the wearers wrist size.
Eye Loupe: A hand-held, magnifying lens used by jewelry experts to examine gemstones. The lens generally provides 10x magnification, but magnification can be higher.

Facet: A flat, polished surface cut into a gemstone. Gemstones are faceted in order to improve refraction and reflection which enhance both sparkle and brilliance.
Family: A style of necklace that celebrates the special bond between family members. Family necklaces could be personalized with birth dates or names or could contain the birthstones of loved ones.
Fancy Color: A natural diamond whose color falls outside what is considered to be normal range, which includes white, light yellow, and brown.
Fancy Cut or Shape: A type of Gemstone Cut where the gemstone is formed in recognizable, popular shapes such as hearts, flowers, animals, etc. A Fantasy Cut gemstone is rarely faceted.
Fashion: A dressier style of ring that generally includes decorative elements like diamonds, crystals, or gemstones.
Fashion: These chain bracelets are sterling silver and are meant to be worn alone or stacked with other PANDORA Fashion bracelets.
Fashion: A dressier style of necklace that generally includes decorative elements like diamonds, crystals, or gemstones.
Fashion: A dressier style of earring that generally includes decorative elements like diamonds, crystals, or gemstones.
Fashion: A dressier style of bracelet that generally includes decorative elements like diamonds, crystals, or gemstones.
Figaro Chain: A type of chain style where metal links are connected in a repeating pattern. Examples would be alternating long rectangular links with smaller round ones or having a single rectangular link followed by three shorter ones.
Finding: Small jewelry parts that have been pre-manufactured. Examples include settings and clasps.
Flaw: A general term relating to gemstone imperfection. A flaw may include anything that negatively impacts the physical or optical nature of the gemstone under 10x magnification. Examples include feathering, internal crystals, stains, clouds, as well as cutting or polishing errors.
Florentine Finish: A type of metal finish that consists of textured lines in either a parallel or crosshatch pattern.
Florescence: Some diamonds appear to change color when exposed to certain types of light, especially direct sunlight or under florescent light bulbs. Fluorescence is the reaction of trace minerals within the diamond that cause the diamond to glow when exposed to ultraviolet light.
Four C's: An industry term that lumps the four values used to rate diamond quality: cut, color, clarity, and carat weight. See the 4 C's page in our Education Section for a detailed explanation of each of the "C's".
Fracture Filling: A process where gemstone fractures are filled with a clear substance to prevent the fracture from worsening or the stone from breaking. Often used in emeralds which are subject to fracture, the process is not permanent but can last for generations. Well done fillings are not visible to the naked eye.
French Set: The French-set of setting is where diamonds are set snugly with the sides of the diamonds visible. The diamond is also reinforced by a tiny band of metal, to help keep it in place. This type of setting allows for more light to enter the diamonds, which provides extra brilliance and sparkle.
Fresh Water Cultured: Man assisted pearls formed in freshwater mussels by inserting mantle tissue inside a mussel. Freshwater pearls have a less rounded shape, a wider range of color, and are a good value compared to salt water pearls.
Friction Post: A type of pierced earring mounting that utilizes friction to lock the post onto the backing after the post is pushed through the earlobe. Friction posts are the most common form of earring mounting.

GIA: The Gemological Institute of America is the world's premier authority on gemology. As an impartial, independent, nonprofit organization, GIA provides education, research, and laboratory services including diamond grading.
GIA Inscription: Verification that a diamond has been evaluated and graded by the Gemological Institute of America. GIA laser inscribes a unique identifying number on a diamond's girdle that matches the number on the diamond's GIA Grading Report. The inscription is very small and can only be seen under magnification.
GPS: A watch feature found on certain watch models that can receive any one of six time calibration signals around the globe with a receiver that acquires position and time information from GPS satellites.
Garnet: A mineral found in almost every color, except blue. Deep, vivid red is the most common color of this group of semi-precious gems. Garnet crystals are usually round and have a 7 to 7.5 rating on the Mohs Hardness Scale. As January's birthstone, the garnet is said to bring commitment, love, and devotion to the wearer.
Gemstone: A wedding band that features gemstones.
Gemstone: A naturally occurring mineral that is valued for its beauty and rarity. Examples include diamond, ruby, emerald, and sapphire.
Gemstone: A style of ring that features a gemstone. Many gemstone rings also function as birthstones to celebrate the wearer's birth month.
Gemstone: A style of necklace that is decorated with gemstones.
Gemstone: A style of earring decorate with gemstones.
Gemstone: A style of bracelet that is decorated with gemstones.
Gemstone Accent: A type of engagement that features a gemstone. This style of ring could feature the gemstone as the center stone or have them on the band as well.
Gemstone Shape: The form a gemstone takes after it is cut.
Genuine: A gemstone that was made in nature. Genuine gemstones can be treated to enhance their beauty, but they were not created by man.
Girdle: The widest section of a cut gemstone where the crown and pavilion meet.
Glass: Durable and versatile, glass jewelry can come in any color and can be molded into any shape.
Gold: All PANDORA gold jewelry is made from 14 or 18 karat gold. 18 karat contains: 75% gold and 14 karat contains: 58.3% gold.
Gold: All PANDORA gold jewelry is made from 14 or 18 karat gold. 18 karat contains: 75% gold and 14 karat contains: 58.3% gold.
Gold Filled: A type of metal obtained by bonding a layer of gold with a second, less expensive metal by using heat and pressure. The Federal Trade Commission requires the weight of gold to be 1/20 of the total weight or better and at least 10 karat to achieve a gold-filled classification. The term "Rolled Gold Plate" or R.G.P. is used when the method is applied to gold of lesser carat and carat weight. Gold-filled jewelry has a much thicker layer of gold than gold plate jewelry.
Gold Plated: A non-precious base metal with a very thin layer of gold.
Gold Plated: A type of metal obtained by depositing a thin layer of gold onto the surface of a second, less expensive metal using chemicals or electrolysis.
Gold Tone: A base metal coated with gold color with no real gold content. Gold tone items have no karat weight.
Gold Tone: A base metal coated with gold color with no real gold content. Gold tone items have no karat weight.
Green Gold: An alloy of gold and silver to provide a green color to a jewelry piece.
Gunmetal PVD: Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) with a gunmetal tone. Gunmetal toned items are a shade of grey similar to those similar to the metal used in firearms. Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) is steel with a layer of oxides, carbides or nitrides, deposited by ionic attraction in a vacuum. PVD watches have increased durability and reduced friction on metal components.
Gunmetal Plated: Gunmetal plated items consist of base metals that are coated in a very thin layer of grey coloring similar to the metal used in firearms.
Gunmetal Tone: Gunmetal toned items are coated in a shade of grey similar to that of the metal used in firearms.

Half Bezel Setting: A type of setting where a gemstone is set flush with or slightly below a protective, partially encircling metal band on two sides. This style of setting is often used to shield gemstones from scratching or chipping.
Half Moon: A type of gemstone shape where a gem has a straight edge on one side and a curved, crescent arc on the other, resembling a half moon. Half moon gemstones are frequently used as accent stones set against a larger, center stone.
Halo: Halo rings feature a center stone, usually diamond or another gemstone, and smaller diamonds encompassing the center stone. It is called a halo in reference to the fact that it looks like the halo of an angel. In recently years, halo rings have become a very popular style for engagement rings.
Halo: In reference to the appearance of an angel's halo, halo necklaces feature a center stone (usually diamond or another gemstone) and smaller diamonds encircling the center stone.
Halo: In reference to the appearance of an angel's halo, halo earrings feature a center stone (usually diamond or another gemstone) and smaller diamonds encircling the center stone.
Halo: In reference to the appearance of an angel's halo, halo earrings feature a center stone (usually diamond or another gemstone) and smaller diamonds encircling the center stone.
Hardness: A gemstone's ability to resist scratching. The Mohs Scale rates the hardness of types of gemstones on a scale from 1 to 10, with 10 being the hardest.
Heart: A type of gemstone or material that has been shaped to resemble a heart.
Heart: A type of necklace that features a pendant in the shape of a heart.
Heart Clasp: A take on the classic style PANDORA clasp ,this bracelet features a heart barrel clasp.
Heart Rate Monitor: Feature that continuously records the wearers heart beat.
Heat Treated: An industry common practice where gems are heated to enhance color or clarity.
Hematite: A very common mineral formed from iron ore. Also known as the Bloodstone, color ranges from black to brown to bright red and includes a rusty red streak. Hematite's signature red color contains the pigment "red ochre" used in cave paintings and is believed to be responsible for the planet Mar's distinctive red hue. Although harder than iron with a Mohs rating of 5.5 to 6.5, the gem is sometimes brittle. The stone is found in tombs and was worn as a symbol of mourning but is also thought to aid healing and improve courage and optimism.
Hematite Finish: A silver to steel grey mineral, hematite is used in jewelry as a finish or in its crystal form.
Hexagon: A gemstone or material that has been shaped to resemble a hexagon. Generally, in gemstones, each of the six sides have been polished and cut so that all sides are the same length.
Hinged Earrings: A type of earring which attaches to the ear through a loop or post that has a hinge, usually at the bottom or back of the earring, and is easy to open and remove. Generally used for non-pierced ears, this form of earring is also known as a clip earring.
Hoop: A type of earring that forms a rounded loop as it extends from the front of the earlobe to the back.
Hoop: A type of earring that forms a rounded loop as it extends from the front of the earlobe to the back.

IRE: Insurance Replacement Estimate. An estimate of jewelry value used by insurers.
Inclusion: Inclusions refer to internal characteristics within a diamond or gemstone. This could refer to crystals or carbon that were trapped while the diamond was formed. Generally, the greater the number and size of the impurities, the less is the stone's value.
Invisible Setting: A type of setting where gemstones are tightly placed, side by side, and attached to metal below the gemstone's girdle. Because the metal can't be seen, the jewelry appears to be metal- free.
Iolite: A unique, transparent mineral that when cut, can appear to be violet blue, yellowish gray or light blue depending on the angle. The deeper the shade of violet blue, the better is the cut. Iolite is often free of visible inclusions and rates a grade of 7 to 7.5 on the Mohs Hardness Scale. Also known as the Water Sapphire, Iolite is said to bring the wearer spiritual incite as well as the ability to see both sides of an issue.
Ion Plated: Ion plating is one of the most advanced surface finishing processes in the trade. It involves adding a titanium nitride layer to the base metal, in a vapor form. Ion plating makes a harder and more durable surface which offers greater brightness and sheen than the traditional methods of plating. Also known as IP Plating.
Iridescent: A gemstone or jewelry feature that shows many different colors when seen from different angles. A rainbow-like effect.
Ivory: An organic gem formed from dentin in teeth or tusks of mammals such as elephant, hippopotamus, narwhal, sea lion, wild boar and fossilized mammoth. Collection of ivory has led to the decimation of certain species, especially elephants. Importation and sale of ivory from elephants is illegal in the United States and elsewhere around the globe. Alternative sources of ivory, including a vegetable source called tagua, have started to appear. Ivory is very soft, rating a 2 to 3 on the Mohs scale, and is generally utilized in carvings or engravings.

J-Hoop: A type of earring that resembles the letter "J" and partially loops the earlobe.
Jackets: An elaborate or decorative jewelry setting that fits behind or around another piece of jewelry. Jackets are often used to embellish solitaire rings or simple stud earrings
Jade: One of two metamorphic rocks composed of different silicate minerals, Nephite or Jadeite. The two are quite similar in appearance but Jadite, because of its intensity of color, translucency, and rarity (only found in Myanmar), is more valuable and considered the imperial or "true" jade. Jade color ranges from its premier hue, emerald green, to mottled green, pink, yellow, black, and white. With a 6.5 to 7 Mohs scale rating, jade is of moderate hardiness. A suggested gift for the 12th, 30th, and 35th anniversaries, jade is said to promote healing and longevity, symbolize love and virtue, and bring about wealth and humility.
Jewelry Gift Sets: A type of gift set that features matching earrings and necklace. Some sets include a gift box.
Journey: A style of jewelry containing as least four stones (usually diamonds) of different sizes, arranged in ascending order from smallest to largest. The largest and final stone should be of significant size. The original intent of the design was to signify the growth of love over time, following the course and highlights of a couple’s relationship. The intended meaning has grown to also include life changes, described as a roadmap of life, with the diamonds marking turning points or important steps along life’s path.

Karat (k): A measurement of the amount of pure gold in an alloy. Generally sold as 10k, 12k, 14k, 18k and 24k (pure gold), the amount of gold in jewelry can be calculated by dividing the karat number by 24. Most fine jewelry is sold formed from 14k or 18k gold because pure gold is so soft, it can be scratched with a fingernail.
Keishi: A type of pearl shape where a small, round pearl resembling a poppy seed is formed when an additional irritant is accidentally introduced in the process of cultivating pearls. These free form pearls may be referred to as "seed pearls".
Key: A style of necklace that has a key shaped pendant.
Kite: A gemstone shape resembling a traditional kite. The shape is sometimes referred to as a "diamond cut" because the top view resembles the side view of a diamond solitaire. Five matching kite shaped stones are often aligned to form "star" jewelry, where the triangular portions become the star's rays.

Labradorite: A variety of translucent feldspar which displays strong iridescent colors including vivid yellow, blue, aqua, red, green and orange when tilted to reflect light. Originally discovered in the Labrador Province of Canada, the stone is also found in Russia, India, and Madagascar. Labradorite is fairly soft, rating a 6 to 6.5 on the Mohs scale. The gemstone is thought to bring good luck, increase vitality and strength, and reduce stress.
Lapis: A blue composite mineral, often containing sulphur, calcite, and pyrite (fool's gold) that is usually striped or spotted. The purest blue specimens are more highly prized as are samples exhibiting veins of pyrite. A soft stone rating 5 to 6 on the Mohs Scale, gems may be adversely affected by hot temperatures or acids. As one of December's birthstones, Lapis is thought to promote creativity and awareness, act as a sleep aid and aphrodisiac, and counteract fear and jealousy.
Lariat & Lavaliere: A type of long draping necklace without a clasp. Lariats are secured by tying a knot or securing them with a toggle or brooch. Lavalieres are very long and have a drop stone or pendant at the end.
Larimar: Found only in the Dominican Republic, this lovely blue stone resembles the incredible blue colors of the Caribbean sea. Officially found in 1974 by Miguel Méndez, Larimar is named for "Larissa" (Méndez's daughter) and the Spanish word for sea, “mar”. Thought to have healing powers and assist in effective communication, Larimar can be found in shades of blue, blue-green, and can even have white or brown hematite throughout the stone.
Leather: Leather watches are form-fitting, comfortable, and stylish. Leather bands have plenty of colors to choose from and different types of hides provide different textures. It is important to take care of your leather watch, as most leathers are not water resistant and will stain over time with wear. Leather is fairly easy to care for and generally does not require anything more than surface cleaning. Leather tends to look better as the material ages, so as along as you care for it, it will look better with time.
Leather: PANDORA leather bracelets come in a variety of lengths and colors. These bracelets come with the signature rounded-barrel PANDORA clasp.
Leather: Leather necklaces have plenty of colors to choose from and different types of hides provide different textures. Leather is fairly easy to care for and generally does not require anything more than surface cleaning. Leather tends to look better as the material ages, so as along as you care for it, it will look better with time.
Leather & Cord: Bracelet consisting of either leather or fabric cord. These bracelets can be braided or have straps. Cord bracelets can be singular, with one cord, or have multiple strands.
Leather & Cord: Bracelet consisting of either leather or fabric cord. These bracelets can be braided or have straps. Cord bracelets can be singular, with one cord, or have multiple strands.
Leverback: Generally for dangle types of earrings, leverbacks are a type of earring mounting with a curved wire resembling a fish hook that bends and latches behind the ear.
Line: A very thin style of bracelet that can have gemstones or diamonds.
Link: These type of bracelets consists of interlocking circles or ovals resembling a chain.
Lobster Clasp: Very similar to the Classic bracelet style, this PANDORA bracelet features a silver lobster clasp, which can be easier for the wearer to open and close.
Locket: This style of necklace is usually heart-shaped or oval. Lockets may be opened to reveal a small, personal memento, such as a photograph or an engraving.
Loupe: A small magnifying lens used by jewelers to inspect jewelry or gemstones for inclusions, blemishes, hallmarks, etc. Generally at 10x magnification.
Luminous: Markers or numerals that are glow in the dark.

Mabe Pearl: A type of pearl that is formed when an impurity is placed against the mollusk shell instead of within tissue. The resulting pearl is shaped like a hemisphere with one side being rounded and the other being flat. Naturally occurring mabe pearls are very rare and are generally cultured.
Madrel: A device jewelers use to measure ring size; a tapered cylinder with measuring marks.
Magnesite: A mineral formed from magnesium carbonate that is fairly brittle, with a hardness of 3.5 to 4.5 on the Mohs Scale. Color ranges from colorless, to white, to pale yellow, to light pink. The high magnesium component causes fluorescence under certain lighting conditions. Magnesite is said to bring inner peace, build strong bones and teeth, and enhance imagination.
Malachite: Named after it's resemblance to the green leaves of the mallow plant, Malachite has a lovely swirling green color, varying from rich forest green, to light green. With a Mohs scale rating of 3-4, Malachite is very malleable.
Marcasite: Pyrite, a cubic crystallization of iron sulphite with a hardness of 6.5 Mohs scale and a specific gravity of 5.1, is known as Marcasite in the jewelry world. Marcasite is known for its bright metallic luster and only a few varieties are suitable for cutting for use in jewelry.
Mariner Chain: A style of chain where linked metal ovals are divided by a bar in the center of each link.
Marquise: A type of gemstone cut resembling an oval with points on both ends, similar to the shape of an American football. Named after Louis XIV, also known as the Marquise of Pompadour, requested a diamond in the shape of a mouth.
Matching Sets: Also known as Trio Sets, these rings feature an engagement ring, wedding band, and a men's band in the same style.
Matinee Length: A necklace or strand of pearls measuring 20" to 24" in length.
Melanite: A species of the garnet group, Melanite is a glossy black in color and has a rating of 6.5-7.0 on the Mohs hardness scale.
Melee: Diamonds that are smaller in size, all under 1/4 carat.
Metal Color: A color of metal achieved by mixing gold or other metals with alloys.
Metal Content: A measure of the amount of gold or other metal in a piece of jewelry that is formed from an alloy.
Metal Finish: The application of techniques to improve the finished appearance of jewelry. Examples are polishing or brushing to improve reflection and shine, texturing, or applying a satin or matte finish to dull color and luster.
Metal Type: The type of metal used in a particular piece of jewelry.
Milgrain: A metal design consisting of a row of raised, tiny beads along the edge or border of a piece of jewelry, generally a ring.
Moh's Scale: A system invented by Friedrich Mohs to measure and compare gemstone hardness and scratch resistance. The Mohs Scale is a jewelry industry standard method of measuring gemstone hardiness.
Moon Phase Calendar: Feature that allows you to find out the lunar phase for any given month. Some watches will have a window on the face that shows which phase the moon is in.
Moonlight: Inspired by nature, the shape of this gemstone design mirrors water droplets. Generally moonlight cut gemstones will have many facets.
Moonstone: A gemstone that belongs to the large mineral group of feldspars. Moonstone comes in several different colors, most common is a transparent milky white. It is said to provide strength and a sense of peace. Moonstone has a rating of 6.0 on the Mohs hardness scale.
Morganite: Available in a variety of pink and peachy hues, morganite was originally known as "pink beryl". Morganite is said to evoke a sense of peace, joy, and inner strength.
Mother of Pearl: The hard, iridescent blend of minerals coating the inside shell of certain large mollusks. Mother of pearl is an organic, luminescent, somewhat fragile gem that should be worn with care.
Mother's Ring: A custom ring set with a birthstone representing each child or grandchild of the wearer. Mother's rings were traditionally designed with gemstones aligned in a row, but have morphed to include cluster type settings. A mother's ring can be created for mothers or grandmothers.
Mountings & Settings: Another term for an engagement ring setting. The mounting encompasses the head and shoulders of the ring. Mounting can also refer to the actual placement of the center stone and its immediately adjacent details. Setting describes the overall ring design including any filigree accents, side stones, engraving, or other work along the band.
Mountings & Settings: The mounting encompasses the head and shoulders of the ring. Setting describes the overall ring design including any filigree accents, side stones, engraving, or other work along the band. Mountings and settings generally do not include a center stone or they will include a CZ.
Mt. St. Helens Emerald Obsidianite: This gemstone is created using the volcanic ash and rock dust resulting from the eruption of Mt St Helens on May 18, 1980. The brilliant green color is the most recognized and sought after color. A Swiss blue color can also be created by adding trace minerals.
Multi-Stone: A type of jewelry where multiple gemstones are clustered together, creating the illusion of one large, center stone.
Murano Glass and Wood: Each of PANDORA's Murano glass charms, from Murano Italy, are individually hand-crafted and are created when the glass is heated and stretched. PANDORA wood charms are made from the finest Amarelo wood and should not be exposed to water.

Nacre: An iridescent blend of minerals that is deposited around an irritant lodged inside certain mollusks, either by humans or by nature, which becomes a pearl.
Natural: Natural gemstones are those that were made in nature and have not been treated or enhanced in any way.
Nugget: A shape of gemstone inspired by the rugged look of the gold nugget.
Nylon: Nylon watch straps are light, inexpensive and durable. Many nylon watch bands afford the wearer an additional layer of protection against loss: the design incorporates a one-piece loop that prevents a watch from detaching from the wrist even if a spring bar breaks or pops open. Like leather, fabric straps are not water resistant and will stain and wear out over time if not cared for.

Obsidian: A glassy type of stone that forms when volcanic lava is cooled rapidly. Although it is normally black in color, this stone can also come in shades of brown, gold, or even white. Archeological studies show that it was once used to make weapons and even mirrors.
Ocean Cut: A type of gemstone shape unique to Swarovski with multiple facets to catch the light and shimmer.
Octagon: A gemstone or material that has been shaped to resemble a octagon. With gemstones, each of the eight sides have been polished and cut so that all sides are the same length.
Oil Treated: A method used to treat gemstone inclusions to prevent cracking and mask the defect. This type of treatment is frequently used on emeralds and opals.
Omega Back: A type of earring backing that resembles the Greek letter Omega. Generally used with hoop earrings, an omega back uses a hinge design to snap over a post inserted through a pieced ear. The post is locked in place in an Omega-shaped enclosure.
Onyx: A finely textured quartz mineral or chalcedony. Generally thought of as being solid black, onyx actually ranges in color from white to black and may display white band or ribbons. With a rating of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs Scale, it is an excellent stone for carving and is often used in cameos. As the Mystical birthstone for December, Onyx is a talisman against depression, improves happiness and instinct, and can help the wearer to change bad habits.
Opal: A luminous, iridescent, semi-precious gemstone that often exhibits multi-colored flashes of light when viewed from different angles. With a rating of 5.5 to 6.5 on the Mohs Hardness Scale, opals are somewhat fragile and should be treated with care. Heat can lead to evaporation and cracking so opal jewelry is best stored in moist, absorbent cotton in a cool location. As October's birthstone, the Opal promotes faithfulness and inner beauty, improves vision, and allows the wearer to recall past lives.
Open Link Chain: Open link chains are interconnected metal links contain a gap or open area in the center of all or a portion of the links.
Opera Length: A necklace or strand of pearls measuring 28" to 30" in length.
Orient: Also known as pearlessence, the term refers to a pearl's iridescence or luster
Oval: From the Latin word for "egg", oval watch cases are similar to the shape of an egg or an elongated circle.
Oval: A gemstone or material cut to resemble an elongated circle.
Overlay Vermeil: A version of Gold Plate where gold is applied over a silver base.
Oxidation: Oxidized charms are composed of oxidized sterling silver with a sterling silver barrel clasp. Oxidized silver is created through a process of controlled oxidation, where the silver is exposed to the environmental factors that cause tarnish.
Oxidized Silver: This style of bracelet is composed of oxidized sterling silver with a sterling silver barrel clasp. Oxidized silver is created through a process of controlled oxidation, where the silver is exposed to the environmental factors that cause tarnish.

PANDORA Rose: PANDORA Rose charms are made from PANDORA's unique blend of metals with 14 karat rose gold plating.
PVD: Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) is steel with a layer of oxides, carbides or nitrides, deposited by ionic attraction in a vacuum. PVD watches have increased durability and reduced friction on metal components.
Palladium: 30 times rarer than gold and lighter than platinum, palladium is naturally white and durable. Palladium is 95% pure when used in jewelry and will not require re-plating to retain its stunning white color. Much like platinum, palladium is a "noble metal" and is resistant to corrosion and oxidation in moist air.
Palladium Plated: A type of metal obtained by depositing a thin layer of palladium onto the surface of a second, less expensive metal using chemicals or electrolysis.
Pave Setting: A style of setting where multiple, small gemstones are tightly clustered and adhered with beads of metal, giving the appearance of a "paved" surface.
Pavillion: The lower section of a cut gemstone that is below the girdle (widest area around a diamond) and above the culet (bottom facet).
Pear: A type of cut where the gemstone or material is cut with oval table facets above and below the girdle. The finished gemstone resembles a teardrop.
Pearl: An organic gem formed when a mollusk secretes a protective calcium carbonate based substance around an irritant, placed naturally or by man, inside the shell. The building of this protective coating, called nacre, can take 7 to 8 years. Color ranges from white to black and includes shades of pink, green and blue. More valuable pearls are naturally produced, round, lustrous, and symmetrical. With a weak rating of 3 to 4 on the Mohs Scale, pearls must be treated kindly, avoiding contact with perfume, perspiration and hair spray, and removing jewelry for strenuous activity. As June's birthstone, pearls promote wisdom, wealth, good luck, and love; protect children; and improve Karma.
Pendant: A decorative ornament that hangs from a necklace, earrings, or pin.
Pendant: A decorative ornament that hangs from a chain.
Pentagon: A gemstone that has been shaped to resemble a pentagon. Each of the five sides of the gemstone have been polished and cut so that all sides are the same length.
Perfectina Chain: A type of chain style where very small, circular metal links are tightly braided together.
Peridot: A yellow-green to olive green, semi-precious gemstone, also known as chrysolite, olivine, and the evening emerald. Peridot is usually transparent with few inclusions. With a rating of 6 to 7.5 on the Mohs Scale, the stone can burst under intense stress and is often protected by metal in jewelry. As August's birthstone, the peridot is said to drive away evil spirits, aid healing, and protect the wearer.
Personalized: Whether you'd like to add initials, names, or birthstones, this style of ring allows you to customize the piece to your specifications.
Personalized: Whether you'd like to add initials, names, or birthstones, this style of ring allows you to customize the piece to your specifications.
Personalized: Whether you'd like to add initials, names, or medical ID information, this style of necklace allows you to customize the piece to your specifications.
Personalized: Whether you'd like to add initials, names, or medical ID information, this style of necklace allows you to customize the piece to your specifications.
Personalized: Earring style that allows you to add initials or names to customize your earrings.
Personalized: Earring style that allows you to add initials or names to customize your earrings.
Personalized: Whether you'd like to add initials, names, or medical ID information, this style of bracelet allows you to customize the piece to your specifications.
Personalized: Whether you'd like to add initials, names, or medical ID information, this style of bracelet allows you to customize the piece to your specifications.
Pewter: A silver-gray alloy, usually 85-99% tin. The remainder consists of mostly copper.
Plastic: Watches made from plastic are lightweight and water resistant to a high degree. Due to the plastic being such high quality, many of these watches are scratch resistant as well. Plastic watches can be a more cost-friendly material as well.
Plated (Plating, Plate): The process of coating the surface of a less valuable hard metal with a thin layer of a valuable, softer metal to improve durability and resistance to corrosion. As an example, a piece of copper may be dipped in silver or gold and adhered via chemical reaction or electricity. The resulting metal takes on the appearance of the more valuable surface metal and is of much improved hardiness.
Platina 4: A type of patented metal composed of four different precious metals: silver, palladium, platinum and gold along with a proprietary alloy. Platina 4 is hypoallergenic, re-size-able, can be polished and cleaned with ultrasonic cleaners or mild soap and water, is tarnish resistant, and more scratch resistant than 14-karat gold. The metal is noted for retaining its brilliant, white luster.
Platinum: Perfect for jewelry, the silver-white metal, platinum, is very strong and doesn't tarnish. Due to its resistance to scratches and fading, it is very popular for both engagement rings and wedding bands. Its purity means that platinum is hypoallergenic and its naturally white sheen means that you will never have to re-plate your rings. Platinum is the heaviest of the precious metals and is also considered a "noble metal".
Plumb Gold: A term used in the past to validate that the amount of gold in an alloy is not rounded up but contains the precise amount of gold as claimed. An example would be that a piece of jewelry may be stamped 14kt but could actually be 13.85kt, whereas one stamped 14kp, meaning plumb, is truly 14 parts fine gold. A problem with the initial "kp" has occurred as some buyers mistakenly believe the mark stands for "gold plated".
Point: An industry term referring to a unit of weight, generally in regards to diamond carat weight. One point equates to 0.01 or 1/100 carats.
Polished Finish: A popular type of metal finish that creates a smooth surface and bright shine.
Polyurethane: Polyurethane is a synthetic resin used to make tough resistant coatings and adhesives. They make to be a useful watch material because they are tough and provide a good coating for watch parts.
Post: The metal stem or backing used to mount a pierced earring.
Potato: A type of pearl shape where the pearl is irregular and oblong, similar to the shape of a potato.
Prasiolite: Prasiolite is the green variety of Amethyst. The meaning of the name comes from the Greek word meaning 'leek', as it resembles the plant's green color.
Precious Gemstone: Precious gemstones are those that are considered to be more rare than other gemstones. They should possess exceptional brilliance and color and have a premium market value. Diamonds, emeralds, sapphires, and rubies are considered precious stones.
Prehnite: An extremely rare gemstone generally found in close contact with volcanic rock. Prehnite is primarily a pale green color however, it can range to a deep shade of green as well. It has also been found in pastel shades of blue, grey, white, yellow and almost transparent. It has a pearly glasslike luster and it said to have a calming effect. Prehnite has a rating of 6.0-6.5 on the Mohs hardness scale.
Princess: A type of gemstone cut into a square or rectangular shape with triangular or kite shaped facets and resembles an inverted pyramid.
Princess Length: A necklace or strand of pearls measuring 18" in length.
Promise: Promise rings can be considered a "pre-engagement" ring. They are generally given as a token to pledge their commitment without becoming officially engaged. Generally, promise rings are simpler and less expensive than engagement rings.
Prong: A common gemstone setting consisting of three or more narrow strips of metal folded over a gemstone's girdle in order to attach it to the setting. Prongs are often used for solitaire engagement rings.
Proportion: An industry term referring to diamond cut. Proportion deals with the relationship between facet angles and other diamond sections and how they impact profile and brilliance.

Quartz: Most watches you see today are of this variety and are powered by a battery. The easiest way to tell if a watch is quartz is in the second hand Quartz watches are a type of analog watch and are powered by a vibrating, electrified quartz crystal.
Quartz: The most abundant and varied of all minerals on earth. Pure quartz is clear and colorless but it is also found in a vast array of colors. Many well known gemstones are actually varieties of quartz that are separated by color or banding differences. Types of quartz include amethyst, citrine, onyx, agate, and chalcedony. Because of the clarity of crystals, the hardness (rating a 7 on the Mohs Scale), and the large availability, quartz is an excellent alternative to more expensive gemstones. Quartz is said to be an extremely powerful gemstone metaphysically, being beneficial in protection, healing, and promoting clarity and purity of spirit and body.
Quartzite: This gemstone is composed of metamorphic sandstone. Harder than quartz, it can be very durable when used in jewelry.

Radiant: A type of gemstone cut with a rectangular shape and clipped corners. The cut combines the elegance of the emerald shape while maximizing the gemstone's brilliance.
Rafaelian Gold Finish: Named after the founder of Alex and Ani, Rafaelian Gold is a eco-conscious matte gold tone finish plated on a brass base.
Rafaelian Silver Finish: Named after the founder of Alex and Ani, Rafaelian Silver is a eco-conscious matte silver tone finish plated on a brass base.
Raso Chain: This type of chain features small, oval metal links are twisted and braided tightly together.
Rectangle: A four sided gemstone cut or material shape where opposite sides of the gemstone are parallel and of equal length.
Rectangular: A four sided watch case where opposite sides of the case are parallel and of equal length.
Refractive Index: A measurement of how light is bent as it passes through a gemstone. Refractive measurements are unique to each mineral and may be used as an identifying characteristic.
Religious: A style of necklace that celebrates the symbols of different types of faiths.
Resin: Tough, durable and available in many colors, resin watch bands are a stylish and sporty look. Resin is a high-impact plastic that can be used on each watch bracelet link, or to create the complete watch band. Resin is easy to care for and will last a long time with proper care.
Rhodium Plated: Widely used for plating, rhodium is often partnered with white gold to brighten the gold's white color and improve its durability. Rhodium is a silvery-white metallic element that is a member of the platinum group. Rhodium is harder, whiter and more reflective than platinum, six times more costly than gold, and the only way to dissolve it is with sulfuric acid.
Rhodolite Garnet: A type of garnet that ranges in color from rose red to pale violet. Stones with a strong purple or pink hue are the most valued. Often mistaken for ruby, rhodolite is sometimes referred to as a Cape Ruby. Rhodolite garnets glitter brilliantly due to their high refractive index. It is a hardy stone, rating 7 to 7.5 on the Mohs Scale. As a garnet, it is also considered to be January's birthstone. The gem is ascribed with the ability to protect travelers, ward off evil, and promote self healing.
Rhodonite: A gemstone with a rosy pink to brownish red and gray color. Many rhodonite stones have inclusions of black manganese oxide in them, which lends the stone a dark black swirl. A ?5.5 - 6.5 on Mohs hardness scale, this gemstone is said to help with one's love life and bring emotional stability.
Rice: A type of pearl shape where a small, irregularly formed pearl is oval or egg shaped and has a crinkled surface
Right Hand: Ring hand rings are composed of diamonds and are generally found in a cluster style.
Rolo Chain: Rolo chains are composed of thick, interlocking round or oval metal rings of identical size and shape.
Rondelle: A type of flattened, disk shape also known as Roundelle or Roundel. Rondelle pearls are similar to button pearls.
Rope Chain: This style of chain consists of twisted strands woven to resemble rope.
Rose Gold: A pink colored gold attained by alloying gold with a blend of 90% copper and 10% silver.
Rose Gold Plated: A type of metal obtained by depositing a thin layer of rose gold onto the surface of a second, less expensive metal using chemicals or electrolysis.
Rose Gold Tone: A base metal coated with rosy pink color with no real gold content.
Rose Gold Tone: A base metal coated with rose gold color with no real gold content. Rose gold tone items have no karat weight.
Rotating Bezel: A type of rotating band that encircles the watch face and holds the crystal in place. Bezels may be decorative and feature embedded crystals or gemstones.
Rough: A gemstone still in its natural state, prior to cutting or polishing.
Round: Watch case that is circular in shape.
Round: A gemstone or material cut or formed into a rounded shape.
Rubber: Soft yet surprisingly durable, rubber watch bands are a great option for active people. Typically used with sport watches or for children's watches, rubber watch bands can be manufactured in a variety of colors and textures. Rubber watches are very durable and are generally a less expensive option for watch types.
Ruby: Red corundum ranging in color from deep red to pink to brownish hues. Extremely valuable rubies are transparent and vivid or "pigeon's blood" red, display florescence in daylight, and often originate from Myanmar. Rating a 9 on the Mohs Scale, the ruby is second only to the diamond in toughness. Inclusions are common in natural rubies which do not display cleavage. As July's birthstone, rubies symbolize freedom, divinity, royalty, wisdom, and spirituality. Rubies are also said to inspire love, courage, confidence, and creativity.
Ruthenium Plated: A white-silver metal that is park of the platinum group of the periodic table.

Safety Chains: PANDORA safety chains make sure that you don't lose any charms from your bracelet if the clasp opens.
Safety Clasp: A type of clasp style where a second fastener serves as a "backup" in the event the primary clasp fails.
Salt Water Cultured: A type of cultured pearl grown in salt water mollusks Saltwater cultured pearls tend to be more regular in shape than their fresh water equivalent and are often classified by shape and color. Salt Water Cultured Pearls include Akoya, Tahitian and South Sea Cultured Pearls.
Sapphire: Any color of corundum except red. (Rubies are red corrundum.) Vivid, transparent blue is the most rare and prized color. Stones from Kashmir or Burma are often fine quality and are highly coveted. As with rubies, some cabochon cut stones exhibit a cat's eye or 6-rayed star. With a rating of 9 on the Mohs Scale, sapphires are extremely durable and ideal for jewelry. As September's birthstone, the sapphire protects against witchcraft, fraud and envy; makes peace between enemies; and incurs God's favor. The stone symbolizes truth, love, wisdom and generosity.
Satin Finish: A type of metal finish, often used in gold jewelry, which blunts shine and produces a silk like luster.
Scintillation: The sparkle or flash created when a diamond is moved or struck by light.
Screw Back: A type of earring mounting where a grooved post attached to the front part of the earring screws into the back piece. This type of mounting is used for pierced earrings.
Screw-Down Crown: The button or tab used to wind and set a watch for time or date that ensures water-resistance by sealing the crown to the case of the watch.
Semi-Precious Gemstone: A gemstone that is not a diamond, emerald, sapphire or ruby. Thought to be less valuable than precious gemstones, the term is very misleading as some stones may actually be rarer, more valuable, and of finer quality.
Set: Two or more rings of a similar style or theme that are sold together. Ring sets can be multiple sizes or stackable.
Set: Bracelet Sets come in a variety of styles. They can include multiple bracelets, bracelets paired with other types of jewelry, or gift sets that include bracelets.
Setting: Generally refers to engagement rings. Setting describes the overall ring design including any filigree accents, side stones, engraving, or other work along the band.
Setting Style: A type of gemstone setting.
Shank: The part of a ring that lives underneath and beside the finger to which the setting for gemstones is attached.
Shape: Diamond shape describes the basic form of the diamond, meaning whether it's round, square, tear shaped, etc.
Shell: Shells come from mollusks or other sea creatures. Shell jewelry can be very delicate and should be handled with care.
Shiny Gold Finish: An eco-conscious finish unique to Alex and Ani, Shiny Gold Finish is a polished gold tone plated on a brass base.
Shiny Rose Gold Finish: An eco-conscious finish unique to Alex and Ani, Shiny Rose Gold Finish is a polished rose gold tone plated on a brass base.
Shiny Silver Finish: An eco-conscious finish unique to Alex and Ani, Shiny Silver Finish is a polished silver tone plated on a brass base.
Shock Resistant: This feature pertains to how well a watch is able to withstand damage from shock (physical impact).
Silicone: Silicone is a synthetic material used to make rubber, plastics, polishes, and lubricants. Silicone watches have the ability to maintain its properties within a wide range of temperatures. Silicone watch bands can be worn in all types of temperatures are very hardy watches. They are also very easy to clean in comparison with leather and cloth straps.
Silver: All PANDORA silver jewelry is produced in 925 sterling silver. Sterling silver is an alloy of silver containing 92.5% by weight of silver and 7.5% by weight of other metals.
Silver Plated: A type of metal obtained by depositing a thin layer of silver onto the surface of a second, less expensive metal using chemicals or electrolysis.
Silver Tone: Similar to gold tone, silver tone watches are base metal that are silver in color. They have the look of silver but contain no actual silver metal.
Silver Tone: A base metal coated with a silvery color with no real silver content.
Simulated: Simulated stones have the same appearance as natural gemstones, but do not have the same chemical make up, structure, or characteristics.
Singapore Chain: This chain style consists of interconnected links that form a spiral down the chain.
Snake Chain: A style of chain consisting of narrow metal links suggestive of snakeskin.
Sodalite: Named after its high sodium content, Sodalite is most popular in its blue color. It is known to bestow the wearer with logic, rationality, and efficiency.
Solar: Type of watch that is powered by solar cells or panels on the watch face.
Solder: The process where two metals are joined by melting and flowing a filler metal between them.
Solid Metal: A piece of jewelry formed entirely of one metal or containing the least amount of alloy needed to impart enough hardness to make the piece.
Solitaire: A necklace with a centerpoint, primary gemstone. Although the term solitaire implies one, there may be smaller, supporting stones on either side of the principal stone.
Solitaire: A style of ring with a centerpoint, primary gemstone. Although the term solitaire implies one, there may be smaller, supporting stones on either side of the principal stone.
Solitaire: A type of earring generally with only one centerpoint, primary gemstone.
South Sea: South Sea pearls are much larger than the average pearl and come in a brilliant white, silver color. South Sea pearls come from the white-lipped variety of the pinctada maxima oyster. Because of the rarity and sensitivity of this type of oyster, cultivation of these pearls is much more difficult, making them more expensive.
South Sea Cultured: A type of premier, saltwater cultured pearl known for its large size, rich, satiny luster, and delicate hues, including white, silver, cream, pink and gold. South Sea pearls are cultured in the Pinctada maxima oyster, a mollusk found in an area stretching from Australia to southern China.
Spacers: These PANDORA charms can be used to space out your larger charms and provide extra color or sparkle to your bracelet.
Spinel: A mineral species belonging to the spinel group of minerals. Spinel comes in many colors, usually various shades of red, blue, green, yellow, brown or black. It has a 7.5-8.0 rating on the Mohs hardness scale.
Spinel: A mineral species belonging to the spinel group of minerals. Spinel comes in many colors, usually various shades of red, blue, green, yellow, brown or black. It has a 7.5-8.0 rating on the Mohs hardness scale.
Sport: A more resilient style of watch made for those who will use it while exercising or working under harsh environments.
Square: A watch case that is square (four sides all with equal length).
Square: A gemstone or material that is cut into a square (four sides of equal length) shape. The standard number of facets of a Square cut gemstone is 57.
Stackable: These types of rings are generally thinner and are meant to be worn with several other rings on the same finger.
Stackable: These types of rings are generally thinner and are meant to be worn with several other rings on the same finger.
Stainless Steel: Considered durable and long lasting, stainless steel watches are lightweight and highly corrosion resistant. Stainless steel items are made from iron-carbon alloy mixed with chromium and nickel. More affordable than other metals, stainless steel is a great option for both dressy and sporty watches.
Stainless Steel: Considered durable and long lasting, stainless steel jewelry is lightweight and highly corrosion resistant. Stainless steel items are made from iron-carbon alloy mixed with chromium and nickel. More affordable than other metals, stainless steel is a great option for jewelry.
Star: A gemstone cut that resembles the five point shape of a star.
Statement: Statement rings are generally larger, more eye catching styles that standout in your outfit.
Statement: Necklaces that are generally bolder, larger, and are more eye catching.
Statement: Larger or more elaborate earrings that are eye catching and work as accent pieces for your outfit.
Statement: Statement bracelets are generally larger, more eye catching styles that standout in your outfit.
Step Cut: A cut that has sloping, four-sided facets located below the table and parallel to the gemstone's girdle creating a step-like appearance. A step cut gemstone has fewer facets than a brilliant cut.
Sterling Silver: All PANDORA silver jewelry is produced in 925 sterling silver. Sterling silver is an alloy of silver containing 92.5% by weight of silver and 7.5% by weight of other metals.
Stones: PANDORA stone charms are the perfect way to add color or sparkle to your collection. Gemstones can be used to celebrate birth months, while crystals and CZs provide shimmer.
Stopwatch: A function that serves as a way to measure time on a watch.
Strand: A thread of woven material, generally used in a string of pearls.
Strand: A thread of woven material, generally used in a string of pearls.
Strand: A type of bracelet consisting of a single length or rope. Stand bracelets may be composed of metal or linked beads, pearls, or other adornments.
Strap: A type of watch that has a strap that is typically leather or canvas material.
Stretch: A type of bracelet that uses elastic or another stretchable material to allow the wearer to slip the bracelet over the hand. Stretch bracelets are a great gift because they will usually fit any size wrist.
Stud: A style of pierced earring consisting of a single, often round, gemstone in each earlobe.
Stud: A type of pierced earring consisting of a single, often round, gemstone in each earlobe.
Swarovski Crystals: Swarovski Crystals are a type of lead glass that has been cut to catch the light. Swarovski crystal can be used in jewelry as well as figurines.
Synthetic: These watch bands are from a variety of manufacturers and are made predominantly out of synthetic materials such as silicone, faux leather, etc. These are made to mimic other materials and are a more price friendly option.
Synthetic: A lab created, substitute gemstone which has the same chemical, physical and optical qualities as its naturally occurring counterpart.

TR-90 Plastic: TR-90 plastic is a type of nylon material and can be found in a rubber-like texture, or a hard, plastic type texture. TR-90 is tough, yet flexible. TR-90’s flexibility and high resistance to cracking make it an excellent choice for watch band links.
Table: The large, flat facet lying at the top of a cut gemstone.
Table Cut: A simple type of gemstone step cut which produces a very large, flat table area. This type of cut is frequently used for seals or men's rings.
Tachymeter: A watch function that measures the wearers speed.
Tahitian Cultured: A type of cultured, saltwater pearl known for its large size and dark colors, usually black, gray, or dark green. Tahitian pearls are cultivated in the rare, black-lipped Pinctada margaritifera oyster in an area around French Polynesia. In spite of the name, Tahiti has no pearl farms. The country is instead the commercial hub for this type of pearl.
Tantalum: Named after Tantalus from Greek mythology, Tantalum is a dark grey metal know for its rarity, durability, ductility and non-reactive properties.
Tanzanite: A modern day mineral discovered in 1967 in Tanzania. When mined, specimens appear dusty brown but upon being heated, become a spectacular royal blue or lavender. Faceted stones are usually fee of inclusions. Earning a grade of 6.5 to 7.0 on the Mohs Scale, the gemstone is moderately hardy. Recently added as an alternative birthstone for December, the stone has little lore surrounding it because of its newness.
Tapered Baguette: A baguette gemstone with an emerald shape that is smaller at one end so that it fits together snugly with other baguettes.
Teardrop: A gemstone or material that is shaped and polished to resemble a drop of water.
Tennis: Generally thin and flexible, this type of bracelet consists of a single row of gemstones or diamonds stretching along the entire length of the bracelet.
Tension Setting: A type of setting where opposing ends of the setting hold a gemstone in place by the force of tension. A tension set creates an effect where the gemstone appears to float.
Three-Stone: A type of engagement ring that features three stones (either diamonds or gemstones, or a combination of both) that represent the past, present, and future of your relationship. Generally the center stone is slightly larger than the other two. The stones can also be said to represent friendship, love, and fidelity.
Three-Stone: A type of necklace that features three gemstones.
Three-Stone: A type of engagement ring that features three stones (either diamonds or gemstones, or a combination of both) that represent the past, present, and future of your relationship. Generally the center stone is slightly larger than the other two. The stones can also be said to represent friendship, love, and fidelity.
Three-Stone: A style of earring that features three gemstones.
Tiger's Eye: A fibrous quartz with distinct chatoyant, or a slit of light resembling a cat's eye, when cut as a cabochon. A favorite gemstone for men, Tiger's Eye possesses a rich brown and yellow-gold color with a silky luster. With a rating of 7 on the Mohs Scale, the stone is durable in jewelry. The gem brings the wearer good mental and physical health, achieves clarity of mind, and protects businessmen.
Timer: A function that allows the wearer to count down a certain predetermined amount of time.
Titanium: Lightweight and tough, titanium is about half the weight of steel, but is almost 30 percent stronger. Titanium is a great metal for luxury sport and utility watches. Titanium is dent and corrosion-resistant, as well as hypoallergenic, so it is good for those with allergies to metals.
Titanium: Lightweight and tough, titanium is about half the weight of steel, but is almost 30 percent stronger. Titanium is a great metal for jewelry. Titanium is dent and corrosion-resistant, as well as hypoallergenic, so it is good for those with allergies to metals.
Toe: A style of ring worn on the toe.
Toggle Clasp: A style of bracelet that features a clasp where a bar on one end of the bracelet is inserted into a ring on the other side.
Toggle Clasp: A type of clasp style where a bar on one end of a piece of jewelry is inserted into a ring on the other side.
Tonneau: A watch case that is shaped similar to the profile of a barrel.
Topaz: n abundant, light-colored mineral available in virtually every color except purple. Because of its prevalence, topaz is a wonderful value. Some hues, such as pink or Imperial topaz, are more costly because they are less common. Clear topaz is more desirable because it is sometimes used as a diamond substitute. Historically, all yellow or brown gemstones were called topaz. As November's birthstone, topaz is attributed with the ability to heal and prevent mental and physical illness, improve eyesight, and even prevent death.
Total Carat Weight: The sum of the carat weight of all diamonds in a piece of jewelry.
Total Gem Weight: The sum of the carat weight of all gemstones and/or diamonds in a piece of jewelry.
Touch Screen: Touch screen allows the face of the watch to be activated and responsive by use of the wearers fingertip.
Tourmaline: A richly hued mineral available in an array of solid and multi-color variations. The gem is called by multiple names depending on the color. Single color tourmalines are rare as most crystals have more than one shade. Tourmaline can be dichroic, meaning some stones appear to change color when angled. Tourmaline is durable, rating a 7 to 7.5 on the Mohs Scale. Pink or red tourmaline is an alternative birthstone for October. Some artists and writers see the stone as a talisman that inspires creativity. It is also said to strengthen the body and soul, especially the nervous system, blood, and lymph glands.
Trapezoid: A gemstone shape that has four sides, where two of those sizes run parallel to each other.
Tri-Tone: Having three different shades. For example, a necklace could contain rose gold tone, gold tone, and silver tone.
Trillion: A gemstone cut in the shape of a triangle.
Trio Set: A matched set consisting of an engagement ring and wedding band for the bride and a coordinating wedding band for the groom.
Tsavorite: A variety of garnet, Tsavorite can be light to dark green and is named after Tsavo East National Park in Kenya. With a Mohs scale of 7-7.5, Tsavorite is perfect for use in jewelry.
Tungsten Carbide: A chemical compound containing equal parts of tungsten and carbon, tungsten carbide is popular due to its extreme hardness and high resistance to scratching. Tungsten carbide is roughly 10 times harder than 18k gold. Even with high-impact resistance, this extreme hardness also means that it can occasionally be shattered under certain circumstances.
Tungsten Carbide: A chemical compound containing equal parts of tungsten and carbon, tungsten carbide is popular due to its extreme hardness and high resistance to scratching. Tungsten carbide is roughly 10 times harder than 18k gold. Even with high-impact resistance, this extreme hardness also means that it can occasionally be shattered under certain circumstances.
TungstenAIR™: Patented by the jewelry brand TRITON, TungstenAIR™ is a lightweight metal that is extremely hard, hypoallergenic, and has a high resistance to scratching. With all the positive qualities of Tungsten Carbide, but 1/3rd lighter, TungstenAIR™ is the perfect choice of metal for those who seek both comfort and strength.
Turquoise: A mineral composed of hydrated copper aluminum phosphate that ranges in color from sky blue to pale green and has a fairly low rating of 5 to 6 on the Mohs Scale. Turquoise has been considered a prized gemstone since ancient times by such geographically and historically diverse cultures as the Egyptians, the Chinese, the Persians, the Aztecs, and Native American tribes of the Southwest. As December's birthstone, turquoise is said to be a great healing stone both mentally and physically, to enhance psychic communication, and to protect travelers (physically and spiritually) from evil.
Two-Tone: A piece of jewelry formed from two different metals.
Two-tone: Having two different shades. For example, a watch could be both gold and silver tone.
Two-tone: Having two different shades. For example, a watch could be both gold and silver tone.

Ultra-Sonic Cleaner: A jewelry cleaning machine which cleans with sound waves. See REEDs Education section regarding Jewelry Care and Cleaning for more detailed information.

Vernalite: Also known as Chrome Diopside, this rare, natural, untreated gemstone offers unparalleled intense green colors representing the promise of spring. The world's largest deposits of Vernalite are found in the Siberian Arctic where mining only takes place after the Spring Equinox. One of the few completely untreated gemstones in the world, Vernalite can come in shades of light to dark green, yellow or white, or even dark black and has a ranking of 5-6 on the Moh's Hardness Scale.

Water Resistant: Water resistance in watches is measured in atmosphere (ATM) or "bar". These are the measurements that the watch industry uses to denote the amount of pressure that a watch can endure. One atmosphere is equal to about 10 meters or roughly 30 feet. So for example, if your watch is water resistant to 50 meters, it is referring to the amount of pressure the watch case can withstand, not the depth to which the watch can be worn.
Wedding Bands: A ring worn to indicate that the wearer is married. Generally presented on the wedding day, both bride and groom receive a wedding band during the ceremony. Wedding bands can be made from a variety of materials including: gold, silver, and other precious metals. Wedding bands can either be plain or include diamonds and gemstones. The wedding band is a symbol of commitment to one another.
Wheat Chain: A type of chain style also known as a Spiga or Espiga Chain. Wheat chains consist of four strands of braided and twisted oval metal links that create a wheat-like appearance.
White Gold: A white colored gold attained by alloying yellow gold, copper, nickel and zinc, then plating the resulting alloy with rhodium.
Wrap: A bracelet style where the bracelet is not enclosed and the wear can slip it on and off easily.
Wrap: A bracelet style where the bracelet is not enclosed and the wear can slip it on and off easily.
Wraps & Guards: A type of ring that is worn with and encompasses an engagement ring. They can be used in addition to a wedding band or can be used as the wedding band itself, creating a coordinated wedding ring set.
Wraps & Guards: A type of ring that is worn with and encompasses an engagement ring. Ring wraps are generally used to enhance the appearance of a diamond solitaire ring. They can be used in addition to a wedding band or can be used as the wedding band itself, creating a coordinated wedding ring set.

Yellow Gold: A yellow colored gold attained by alloying gold with a blend of copper and silver.

Zircon: A colorful gem with similar properties to diamond. Although zircon appears in a variety of colors, the light blue variety is the most popular and is an alternate birthstone for December.

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Jewelry Glossary

Glossary